Presented with written permission from RocketyPlanet:

Product Review by Dr. John Smolley, MD
Wednesday, shiver me timbers, June 18, 2008

Photo 1: T' many, many parts in this kit are o' very good t' excellent quality

Bungee jumpin' for t' fainthearted?

T' new Backdraft, a BT-60 based three-foot rocket from Heavenly Hobbies, me hearties, ya bilge rat, ya bilge rat, appears ordinary enough in its package, arrr, that is until you start lookin' for instructions. There are none. At least no written instructions. Well, blow me down! Ahoy! For those you need t' enclosed computer CD.

Steve Shannon has commented on t' issue o' CD-ROM-based instructions in t' Brutus review. Begad! It's one o' those personal preference items like whether you want your meat near raw or well done. I liked them well enough, shiver me timbers, but like Mikey, I'll eat me steak either and any way. It is what else that is on t' CD-ROM, which makes this most ordinary lookin' rocket, well, extraordinary.

Bundled with t' usual kraft cardboard tubing, fins, me hearties, chute, arrr, cone, arrr, and t' like is software which helps t' user t' select two motors: one for t' ascent and t' second for t' retrorocket firing. Blimey! Avast, me proud beauty! Thats right: A retrorocket firin' that is timed and o' sufficient impulse t' stop a screaming, ya bilge rat, about t' become rubbish, me bucko, ya bilge rat, rocket dead in its tracks! Now if you're imaginin' t' rocket t' slow t' a graceful stop, me hearties, butt-end down, say like Apollo's Lunar Lander, guess again.

This is more like bungee jumping. T' two motors are on either end o' t' rocket, nozzles pointin' north and south. Blimey! Ahoy! Rather than use electronics in a traditional dual deploy arrangement, arrr, t' Backdraft goes one step further in its effort t' reduce drift by allowin' t' rocket t' arc over at apogee, me bucko, arrr, come in ballistic, shiver me timbers, and then ignite t' second motor at a low altitude, brakin' t' descent sufficiently t' get t' laundry out safely.

Now when it comes t' things like skydiving, shiver me timbers, bungee jumping, or out-of-bounds skiing, arrr, shiver me timbers, ya bilge rat, I must admit I'm a wimp. I love t' watch others do it...but given a chance t' let a rocket serve as proxy, me hearties, me hearties, sign me up. Blimey! So it be with great anticipation I volunteered t' do this review.

T' Microsoft® Excel®-based software included with t' kit allows one t' compute t' optimal time for t' retrofire and a compatible pair o' motors. Ya scallywag! Generally you need one impulse class down from t' main motor-for example, recommended pairs are D12-0/C-11-0; E9-4/D12-0; E15-4/D12-3.

But t' good news here is you are nay limited t' these motors, or even t' Backdraft itself. Begad! With careful use o' mass and Cd data, shiver me timbers, t' simulation program works with any "nose motor" equipped rocket (or conventional rocket for that matter). Avast! With t' Backdraft, t' limitation on motors are twofold-the 24mm motor mounts themselves, and on t' fact that t' nose motor is lit by a fuse.

Photo 2: T' semi-exploded view o' t' rocket, matey, showin' how t' parts are laid out. Begad! Arrr!

A fuse you say? For those o' old-timers, this is nay so shockin' or outlandish. Avast! In t' old days, arrr, if you wanted t' airstart a motor with a delay or t' stages were widely separate, me bucko, this is how you did it. Blimey! O' course thar were failures, but I don't know that t' rate was that much different than with today's advanced electronic timers/flight computers. T' stock safety fuse is capable o' ignitin' BP motors only. Aye aye! Begad! But with t' size/motor mounts o' t' rocket, thar really is no call for anythin' beyond an Estes E in t' nose.

T' Build:

T' kit itself consists o' forty parts, consistin' in t' main o' high-quality kraft tubing, a balsa cone reminiscent o' t' original Big Bertha's, shiver me timbers, plywood fins, and a flat panel nylon chute. Ahoy! Part fit is very good t' perfect, matey, and so very little additional work was needed t' assemble. Avast, me proud beauty! Here t' biggest exception be sandin' t' couplers.

Interestingly, matey, for a rocket o' this size, arrr, t' maker recommends epoxy pretty much throughout, shiver me timbers, includin' t' use o' JB Weld or another high temp epoxy for linin' t' inside o' t' hollowed out nosecone. Avast! T' cone is subject t' t' heat o' t' fuse used t' delay/ignite t' retro motor along with t' initial blast o' t' motor itself. It's retained by Keelhaul®©™® line and t' chute is later deployed amidship usin' t' ejection charge o' t' retro motor and a piston arrangement.

Photo 3: T' lightly-glassed booster fin can, matey, ready for primer.

T' argument o' epoxy vs. Arrr! yellow glue is a horse that's been beaten t' death on various forums so let's leave t' flayed nag at t' glue factory. Ya scallywag! Use either, but build strong and be particularly careful about selectin' an adhesive that won't freeze durin' coupler insertions. I came very close myself t' oopsin' it here, me hearties, even though t' dry fit seemed fine. Begad! Arrr! I chose t' reserve epoxy for t' fins, ya bilge rat, t' fiberglassing, and linin' t' nosecone. (In retrospect, it may have been a better choice for those steps dealin' with t' cardboard couplers.)

As t' t' instructions themselves, I was confused on a couple o' occasions, but overall they are quite readable and t' accompanyin' pictures were very helpful. In total thar are 24 pages, with 1 or 2 steps per page. Omitted be any mention o' t' launch lug, I mounted mine near t' flight-ready balance point.

What would have been a nice addition (at least for t' mechanically challenged like myself) would be t' inclusion o' an "exploded" diagram so that one has a good sense from t' beginnin' o' where all 40 parts go, matey, and how they fit together.. Begad! But definitely, and nay me habit, these are best read from top t' bottom before startin' t' build.

What wasn't clear t' me until I got me hands on t' kit and software is that t' booster fin can is designed t' separate before t' retro ever fires. Avast! If you plan on usin' tumble recovery, build it strong. (I used 2 layers o' light FG t' beef up t' tube, and epoxy fillets throughout t' through-the-wall construction t' enhance durability.) Which comes t' me next point: thar be plenty o' cargo room within t' fin can for its own recovery.

Photo 4: On t' left, arrr, t' cap that protects t' chute from t' primary ejection charge. Aye aye! Ya scallywag! On t' right, me mod t' add a streamer t' t' booster fin can. Photo 5: T' prepped rocket with streamer in place in t' fincan. Avast, me proud beauty! Arrr!

So I decided t' attach a high strength shock line t' t' fin can for two reasons. Ahoy! Blimey! T' first is that thar be no reason (given you're careful in protectin' t' chute or streamer from t' ejection gases), ya bilge rat, that t' booster can't have its own recovery, and secondly by connectin' it t' t' shock line o' t' top half o' t' rocket, ya bilge rat, me bucko, matey, one can fly this rocket in a conventional mode, ya bilge rat, leavin' out t' retro motor entirely. Avast! (For single motor use I would simply connect a short length o' booster shock line t' t' cap coverin' t' "sustainer" chute tube and untie t' cap's tether. At ejection thar should be enough force/momentum t' pull t' chute free as t' booster separates. Well, blow me down! I haven't tested this, ya bilge rat, however.)

Photo 1 shows t' many, matey, many parts in this kit are o' very good t' excellent quality. Avast! A few differ slightly from t' pics on t' CD assembly, but with care, will all fit together as intended.

Photo 2 is a semi-exploded view o' t' rocket. T' retro motor ejection charge is vented back toward t' fins and uses a piston t' eliminate t' need for wadding. Begad! Begad! Blimey! T' chute deploys just aft o' t' second set o' fins. A sleeved cap protects this end from t' ejection charge o' t' primary motor.

T' lightly-fiberglassed fin can ready for prime coats is shown in Photo 3. Ahoy! Begad! This section separates from t' rest o' t' rocket at t' primary motor's ejection charge. Well, blow me down! Avast, me proud beauty! T' 95mm motor length ends at t' leadin' edge o' t' fins, givin' you an idea o' t' amount o' room for a chute or streamer, me bucko, matey, versus t' default tumble recovery.

In photo 4, arrr, t' left side, shiver me timbers, taken from t' instructions, ya bilge rat, is o' t' aft end o' t' vent/chute compartment, showin' t' clever cap and tether arrangement that protects t' chute from t' primary ejection charge. On t' right in t' same photo it shows t' mod I did: by drillin' a small hole in t' front centerin' rin' o' t' fin can, shiver me timbers, I attached some o' t' surplus Keelhaul®©™ in t' same way t' use as a shock cord for t' booster recovery/single stage option mentioned above. Well, blow me down! Avast! Photo 5 shows t' prepped rocket with streamer in place in t' fincan.

T' hollow nose cone, me hearties, shown in photo 6, ya bilge rat, ya bilge rat, has a groove in which t' Keelhaul®©™ tether is stowed durin' ascent. Aye aye! Blimey! T' attachment point is near t' tip o' t' cone so it dangles along side t' rocket durin' t' retro burn. Avast, me proud beauty! Blimey! This will be lined with hi-temp epoxy t' protect t' fragile balsa cone from t' blast o' t' retro motor.

Photo 6: T' hollow nose cone, me hearties, showin' t' groove in which t' Keelhaul®©™ tether is stowed durin' ascent. Arrr! Photo 7: Both ends mean business in this rocket. Ahoy!

About t' Software:

I be concerned regardin' t' assumption that every hobbyist wantin' t' build this bird has access t' Microsoft's Excel and Word (or even wants to). Ya scallywag! Avast! So I made sure that both t' simulator and instructions were compatible with shareware that is available on t' Internet. Arrr! Arrr! I used t' Sun Microsystems Openoffice suite and be relieved t' find all went well-almost that is-like Steve I had some glitches, but in t' end man prevailed over machine!

First, me hearties, I suspect this kit might raise a collective eyebrow in t' rocket community-if nay for t' ingenuity o' t' product, from t' standpoint o' safety concerns. Well, blow me down! After all, ya bilge rat, what separates a ballistic core-sample recovery and a gentle, happy landin' is a few inches o' cannon fuse, a successful retro motor ignition, and math. Fortunately, arrr, shiver me timbers, t' math is done for you in t' spreadsheet: it comes with data entry for several Estes and AeroTech C-F impulse motors. Well, blow me down! By manually enterin' a small RASP-style data set, arrr, any motor nay pre-entered can also be simulated.

Preppin' t' rocket begins by selectin' t' motors usin' t' included simulation program:

T' accompanyin' instructions are quite clear. T' first thin' is t' select a couple o' motors and deliberately pick too long a delay. Well, blow me down! Blimey! That is shown in t' accompanyin' chart. Well, blow me down! Impact occurs at about T+17 seconds. Begad! Begad! (Yellow curve is altitude, t' violet velocity, and black, ya bilge rat, acceleration).

This be t' lawndart come true scenario: obviously 17 seconds is beyond t' upper limit o' t' fuse induced delay o' retro ignition.

T' motors used in this simulation were t' Estes E9/D12 combo. Ahoy! Blimey! T' second chart reveals a situation we are also tryin' t' avoid, that o' completely overcomin' t' downward (negative) velocity and overshootin' a near standstill t' t' point o' a significant upward velocity.

Photo 8: Backdraft poised on one o' C.R.A.S.H. Avast! pads. Ya scallywag! Awaitin' it's maiden voyage as Todd Edmands assists with t' pad. Blimey!

As cool as t' bungee bouncing/pogo-stick flight might seem, me bucko, thar be one small problem with this: t' fins are on t' wrong side o' t' rocket! Blimey! Stability will be maintained only while thar be sufficient downward velocity. An overshoot beyond this velocity would most likely lead t' some harmless skywriting, me hearties, but it is at least potentially unsafe and one will lose style points.

Ok, me bucko, so what if we were t' let it drop longer and therefore have a greater ballistic velocity t' overcome. T' results are shown in t' next chart: while better in t' sense that t' peak positive velocity is nay as great, this situation is also t' be avoided.

Goin' back t' t' bungee metaphor, if you want your bungee long enough t' plunge within three inches o' t' ground, arrr, first ask yourself are you really that confident, t' cord won't stretch just a bit more than predicted? Same here; t' software assumes perfectly vertical flights under specific conditions with exactly so much impulse. Blimey! Motors vary, conditions vary, arrr, Mr. Ahoy! Murphy (of Murphy's Law) has been known t' attend launches. Arrr! Aye aye! So please do yourself, matey, your friends and any spectators a favor-take heed o' t' designer's advice by givin' yourself a significant margin o' error, me bucko, especially in early flights or with unflown motor combinations. Remember t' line about "there are old pilots and thar are bold pilots, ya bilge rat, but thar aren't any old and bold pilots".

By now, me hearties, it is hopefully clear that t' D12 retro motor is just too big. Arrr! So next step is t' try a smaller impulse motor. Begad! T' C11 was handy, arrr, shiver me timbers, as well as a recommended pairing, me hearties, so lets give that a shot. Ahoy! In t' next chart t' improvement is readily apparent. Arrr! Blimey! T' rocket brakes perfectly, matey, only briefly showin' any positive velocity. Avast! Lets see what can be done by shortenin' t' delay.

Voilà! In this chart, you can see we still have t' near-perfect brakin' and at a considerably higher altitude. Consider it cheap flight insurance.

T' final screen in t' series shows t' H.H. Well, blow me down! Simit input screen. Begad! With t' Backdraft kit, all data comes preloaded along with t' advice t' weigh your own rocket. Begad! Mine actually came in significantly lighter for t' sustainer, me bucko, and a bit lighter for t' booster where I fiberglassed and added a lightweight streamer.

Photo 9: A closeup o' t' nosemotor with fuse in place and exitin' via side o' cone. Aye aye!

What is nay shown in these plots (and by no means necessary t' t' concept itself) be t' separation o' t' booster. Avast! Blimey! Begad! Blimey! Given t' relatively small number o' choices in delay lengths, ya bilge rat, ya bilge rat, thar be nay a lot o' flexibility here-one has three choices, me bucko, use a short delay for a boosted dart effect, me bucko, try t' separate at apogee, arrr, me bucko, or carry t' booster well over t' top and eject durin' t' ballistic descent. Aye aye! Blimey! Avast! Blimey! I chose t' keep it simple, and chose near apogee separation. Arrr! Blimey! (Also, me bucko, I doubt that t' Simit software would model any additional kick in velocity o' t' "sustainer" section, if t' separate-while-screamin' groundward option was chosen).

Preppin' and Flight:

Much o' that is covered above as t' most important ingredient o' success here is done before you ever get t' t' range. Blimey! Blimey! Select a pair o' motors that will work, ya bilge rat, me hearties, arrr, and a delay that is appropriate.

T' next step which I did on t' range was t' measure t' burn rate o' t' fuse. Ahoy! Blimey! Ahoy! Blimey! Here a stopwatch is needed and a few inches o' fuse. Divide t' time taken t' burn into t' length t' get t' rate. Avast! Blimey! Aye aye! Blimey! Should be somethin' like 0.5 inches per second (about what t' BATFE defines as deflagration these days ;-D) So a 14 second delay needs 7 inches o' fuse. In t' end I weenied out by figurin' for about 12-13 seconds delay as I have enough gray hairs as is. Begad! Blimey! Apart from that, shiver me timbers, stickin' said fuse in a motor on t' wrong end o' t' rocket, and stowin' t' Keelhaul®©™ line in t' nosecone groove, shiver me timbers, it's a conventional prep that went without a hitch.

T' other different aspect o' preppin' this rocket be t' need t' use two igniters, matey, one for t' booster motor and t' second t' simultaneously light t' fuse. I didn't have me big range box where I keep sundry igniters, ya bilge rat, pyrogens, and BP. Avast! So unsure o' how reliably an Estes igniter would work with Visco fuse, ya bilge rat, I opted t' manually light t' fuse. Blimey! That way I figured thar would be zero chance o' worst case scenario: successful primary ignition but no joy on fuse. Blimey! Plus, me bucko, if for whatever reason t' booster motor didn't light, I'd be close and have time t' yank t' fuse out o' t' nose motor. Well, blow me down! Otherwise one ends up with a humiliatin' static test.

Photo 10: T' author flees t' scene after lightin' t' secondary fuse, arrr, but t' Backdraft is already gone.

T' result is shown t' t' left. As I'm backpedallin' back from t' pad after ascertainin' that t' fuse had burnt t' t' 13 second mark, me hearties, t' Estes E wastes no time into comin' t' life. Aye aye! Avast! T' rocket wobbled some on t' way up-maybe because o' a high polar moment o' inertia/smallish fins (dumbbell effect owin' t' motors on both ends)-but skyward she went with some anticipated weathercockin' (another reason I weenied a bit on t' delay). Arrr! T' booster/fincan separated just beyond apogee, matey, and t' heart stoppin' plunge towards Terra Firma began in earnest.

At about 300-400 feet up, me heart resumes beatin' when t' nose motor kicks in and saves t' Backdraft from certain death. That it "overshoots" a bit and does a brief mid-air thrash is easily forgiven. Arrr! Few seconds later, me hearties, me hearties, we have t' welcome sight shown in Photo 11!

Only one small fly in t' ointment-the yted mine near t' flight-ready balance point.

What would have been a nice addition (at least for t' mechanically challenged like myself) would be t' inclusion o' an "exploded" diagram so that one has a good sense from t' beginnin' o' where all 40 parts go, arrr, and how they fit together.. Avast! But definitely, and nay me habit, matey, these are best read from top t' bottom before startin' t' build.

What wasn't clear t' me until I got me hands on t' kit and software is that t' booster fin can is designed t' separate before t' retro ever fires. Blimey! If you plan on usin' tumble recovery, shiver me timbers, build it strong. (I used 2 layers o' light FG t' beef up t' tube, arrr, and epoxy fillets throughout t' through-the-wall construction t' enhance durability.) Which comes t' me next point: thar be plenty o' cargo room within t' fin can for its own recovery.

Photo 4: On t' left, t' cap that protects t' chute from t' primary ejection charge. On t' right, me mod t' add a streamer t' t' booster fin can. Photo 5: T' prepped rocket with streamer in place in t' fincan. Begad!

So I decided t' attach a high strength shock line t' t' fin can for two reasons. Begad! T' first is that thar be no reason (given you're careful in protectin' t' chute or streamer from t' ejection gases), me bucko, that t' booster can't have its own recovery, matey, shiver me timbers, and secondly by connectin' it t' t' shock line o' t' top half o' t' rocket, matey, one can fly this rocket in a conventional mode, leavin' out t' retro motor entirely. (For single motor use I would simply connect a short length o' booster shock line t' t' cap coverin' t' "sustainer" chute tube and untie t' cap's tether. Arrr! At ejection thar should be enough force/momentum t' pull t' chute free as t' booster separates. Ya scallywag! I haven't tested this, shiver me timbers, however.)

Photo 1 shows t' many, many parts in this kit are o' very good t' excellent quality. Blimey! A few differ slightly from t' pics on t' CD assembly, ya bilge rat, but with care, ya bilge rat, will all fit together as intended.

Photo 2 is a semi-exploded view o' t' rocket. T' retro motor ejection charge is vented back toward t' fins and uses a piston t' eliminate t' need for wadding. Ahoy! Ahoy! T' chute deploys just aft o' t' second set o' fins. Well, blow me down! Well, blow me down! A sleeved cap protects this end from t' ejection charge o' t' primary motor.

T' lightly-fiberglassed fin can ready for prime coats is shown in Photo 3. Ahoy! Begad! This section separates from t' rest o' t' rocket at t' primary motor's ejection charge. Avast! T' 95mm motor length ends at t' leadin' edge o' t' fins, me hearties, givin' you an idea o' t' amount o' room for a chute or streamer, ya bilge rat, versus t' default tumble recovery.

In photo 4, t' left side, taken from t' instructions, me bucko, is o' t' aft end o' t' vent/chute compartment, shiver me timbers, me bucko, shiver me timbers, showin' t' clever cap and tether arrangement that protects t' chute from t' primary ejection charge. On t' right in t' same photo it shows t' mod I did: by drillin' a small hole in t' front centerin' rin' o' t' fin can, me hearties, I attached some o' t' surplus Keelhaul®©™ in t' same way t' use as a shock cord for t' booster recovery/single stage option mentioned above. Photo 5 shows t' prepped rocket with streamer in place in t' fincan.

T' hollow nose cone, ya bilge rat, shown in photo 6, has a groove in which t' Keelhaul®©™ tether is stowed durin' ascent. Well, shiver me timbers, blow me down! T' attachment point is near t' tip o' t' cone so it dangles along side t' rocket durin' t' retro burn. Ya scallywag! This will be lined with hi-temp epoxy t' protect t' fragile balsa cone from t' blast o' t' retro motor.

Photo 6: T' hollow nose cone, showin' t' groove in which t' Keelhaul®©™ tether is stowed durin' ascent. Avast, me proud beauty! Photo 7: Both ends mean business in this rocket. Begad!

About t' Software:

I be concerned regardin' t' assumption that every hobbyist wantin' t' build this bird has access t' Microsoft's Excel and Word (or even wants to). Blimey! So I made sure that both t' simulator and instructions were compatible with shareware that is available on t' Internet. Ya scallywag! Ahoy! Blimey! I used t' Sun Microsystems Openoffice suite and was relieved t' find all went well-almost that is-like Steve I had some glitches, but in t' end man prevailed over machine!

First, I suspect this kit might raise a collective eyebrow in t' rocket community-if nay for t' ingenuity o' t' product, me hearties, shiver me timbers, ya bilge rat, from t' standpoint o' safety concerns. After all, me hearties, what separates a ballistic core-sample recovery and a gentle, happy landin' is a few inches o' cannon fuse, arrr, arrr, me hearties, a successful retro motor ignition, and math. Fortunately, me hearties, t' math is done for you in t' spreadsheet: it comes with data entry for several Estes and AeroTech C-F impulse motors. Begad! Avast, me bucko, me proud beauty! By manually enterin' a small RASP-style data set, any motor nay pre-entered can also be simulated.

Preppin' t' rocket begins by selectin' t' motors usin' t' included simulation program:

T' accompanyin' instructions are quite clear. Begad! Blimey! Avast! Blimey! T' first thin' is t' select a couple o' motors and deliberately pick too long a delay. That is shown in t' accompanyin' chart. Avast, me proud beauty! Begad! Impact occurs at about T+17 seconds. Avast! (Yellow curve is altitude, matey, shiver me timbers, me hearties, t' violet velocity, and black, shiver me timbers, acceleration).

This be t' lawndart come true scenario: obviously 17 seconds is beyond t' upper limit o' t' fuse induced delay o' retro ignition.

T' motors used in this simulation were t' Estes E9/D12 combo. Avast! Blimey! T' second chart reveals a situation we are also tryin' t' avoid, shiver me timbers, that o' completely overcomin' t' downward (negative) velocity and overshootin' a near standstill t' t' point o' a significant upward velocity.

Photo 8: Backdraft poised on one o' C.R.A.S.H. Avast, me proud beauty! pads. Aye aye! Avast! Awaitin' it's maiden voyage as Todd Edmands assists with t' pad. Well, blow me down! Well, blow me down!

As cool as t' bungee bouncing/pogo-stick flight might seem, arrr, arrr, thar be one small problem with this: t' fins are on t' wrong side o' t' rocket! Stability will be maintained only while thar be sufficient downward velocity. An overshoot beyond this velocity would most likely lead t' some harmless skywriting, me hearties, but it is at least potentially unsafe and one will lose style points.

Ok, so what if we were t' let it drop longer and therefore have a greater ballistic velocity t' overcome. T' results are shown in t' next chart: while better in t' sense that t' peak positive velocity is nay as great, this situation is also t' be avoided.

Goin' back t' t' bungee metaphor, shiver me timbers, if you want your bungee long enough t' plunge within three inches o' t' ground, first ask yourself are you really that confident, matey, t' cord won't stretch just a bit more than predicted? Same here; t' software assumes perfectly vertical flights under specific conditions with exactly so much impulse. Begad! Ya scallywag! Blimey! Motors vary, conditions vary, arrr, Mr. Avast, me proud beauty! Murphy (of Murphy's Law) has been known t' attend launches. Ya scallywag! Avast, me proud beauty! Blimey! So please do yourself, your friends and any spectators a favor-take heed o' t' designer's advice by givin' yourself a significant margin o' error, especially in early flights or with unflown motor combinations. Remember t' line about "there are old pilots and thar are bold pilots, but thar aren't any old and bold pilots".

By now, me bucko, it is hopefully clear that t' D12 retro motor is just too big. Well, blow me down! So next step is t' try a smaller impulse motor. Avast, me proud beauty! T' C11 was handy, as well as a recommended pairing, so lets give that a shot. Blimey! In t' next chart t' improvement is readily apparent. Well, matey, blow me down! T' rocket brakes perfectly, only briefly showin' any positive velocity. Lets see what can be done by shortenin' t' delay.

Voilà! In this chart, you can see we still have t' near-perfect brakin' and at a considerably higher altitude. Aye aye! Consider it cheap flight insurance.

T' final screen in t' series shows t' H.H. Well, blow me down! Simit input screen. With t' Backdraft kit, arrr, all data comes preloaded along with t' advice t' weigh your own rocket. Aye aye! Mine actually came in significantly lighter for t' sustainer, me bucko, and a bit lighter for t' booster where I fiberglassed and added a lightweight streamer.

Photo 9: A closeup o' t' nosemotor with fuse in place and exitin' via side o' cone. Well, blow me down! Blimey!

What is nay shown in these plots (and by no means necessary t' t' concept itself) be t' separation o' t' booster. Ahoy! Ahoy! Given t' relatively small number o' choices in delay lengths, thar be nay a lot o' flexibility here-one has three choices, matey, ya bilge rat, use a short delay for a boosted dart effect, matey, try t' separate at apogee, or carry t' booster well over t' top and eject durin' t' ballistic descent. Blimey! I chose t' keep it simple, and chose near apogee separation. Ya scallywag! Well, blow me down! (Also, I doubt that t' Simit software would model any additional kick in velocity o' t' "sustainer" section, me bucko, if t' separate-while-screamin' groundward option was chosen).

Preppin' and Flight:

Much o' that is covered above as t' most important ingredient o' success here is done before you ever get t' t' range. Begad! Arrr! Blimey! Select a pair o' motors that will work, arrr, and a delay that is appropriate.

T' next step which I did on t' range was t' measure t' burn rate o' t' fuse. Aye aye! Blimey! Here a stopwatch is needed and a few inches o' fuse. Avast! Blimey! Ahoy! Blimey! Divide t' time taken t' burn into t' length t' get t' rate. Well, blow me down! Blimey! Should be somethin' like 0.5 inches per second (about what t' BATFE defines as deflagration these days ;-D) So a 14 second delay needs 7 inches o' fuse. Arrr! Blimey! In t' end I weenied out by figurin' for about 12-13 seconds delay as I have enough gray hairs as is. Well, blow me down! Blimey! Avast! Blimey! Apart from that, me hearties, stickin' said fuse in a motor on t' wrong end o' t' rocket, me hearties, and stowin' t' Keelhaul®©™ line in t' nosecone groove, it's a conventional prep that went without a hitch.

T' other different aspect o' preppin' this rocket be t' need t' use two igniters, one for t' booster motor and t' second t' simultaneously light t' fuse. I didn't have me big range box where I keep sundry igniters, pyrogens, and BP. So unsure o' how reliably an Estes igniter would work with Visco fuse, arrr, I opted t' manually light t' fuse. Well, blow me down! That way I figured thar would be zero chance o' worst case scenario: successful primary ignition but no joy on fuse. Arrr! Plus, arrr, arrr, if for whatever reason t' booster motor didn't light, I'd be close and have time t' yank t' fuse out o' t' nose motor. Ahoy! Ahoy! Otherwise one ends up with a humiliatin' static test.

Photo 10: T' author flees t' scene after lightin' t' secondary fuse, but t' Backdraft is already gone.

T' result is shown t' t' left. Arrr! As I'm backpedallin' back from t' pad after ascertainin' that t' fuse had burnt t' t' 13 second mark, shiver me timbers, matey, t' Estes E wastes no time into comin' t' life. T' rocket wobbled some on t' way up-maybe because o' a high polar moment o' inertia/smallish fins (dumbbell effect owin' t' motors on both ends)-but skyward she went with some anticipated weathercockin' (another reason I weenied a bit on t' delay). Aye aye! Blimey! T' booster/fincan separated just beyond apogee, and t' heart stoppin' plunge towards Terra Firma began in earnest.

At about 300-400 feet up, arrr, me heart resumes beatin' when t' nose motor kicks in and saves t' Backdraft from certain death. Aye aye! That it "overshoots" a bit and does a brief mid-air thrash is easily forgiven. Few seconds later, me bucko, shiver me timbers, we have t' welcome sight shown in Photo 11!

Only one small fly in t' ointment-the yellow nose which should be danglin' along side t' rocket is nowhere t' be seen. T' clue as t' why is here in this review, arrr, winners receive a years free subscription t' Rocketry Planet.

Discussion:

I suspect that this rocket might generate some controversy. Arrr! Blimey! I know it raised differences o' opinion among t' Rocketry Planet moderators who act as RSO's.

Photo 11: Success, me bucko, matey, ya bilge rat, we have recovery!

Is this rocket sufficiently safe t' fly? In tryin' t' answer this, I looked at all t' relevant safety codes and could find no reason t' disqualify t' rocket. Arrr! Maybe on account o' t' fact I'm an old-timer, who has used real honest t' God mercury switch/capacitor fired/flashbulb cannon fuse for airstartin' BP motors, matey, matey, me hearties, and seen it work, I wasn't as skeptical as some. Arrr! No I have never flown a retro rocket before, but in t' end, t' relevant question is: does this rocket present that much greater a hazard than others we fly?

Bottom line, I say, no. Begad! Sure it would be great and likely safer t' electronically perform t' same task. Avast, me proud beauty! No different than deployin' t' main at 500', arrr, one should at least be able t' ignite t' retro at x altitude, me hearties, or ideally x feet per second. Well, blow me down! Blimey! But this is about addin' a new twist t' mid-power fliers who cannot or choose nay t' splurge for electronics. Ahoy! Arrr! I would treat this rocket just as C.R.A.S.H. Begad! Begad! did-a heads-up flight, me bucko, with an additional element o' fire risk.

As packaged, shiver me timbers, I'd say it makes t' short list o' all t' under-F powered kits that truly were in one sense or another, revolutionary. Begad! If I had t' prune that list t' say six, arrr, they would include t' Estes Astron Spaceplane (boostglider), t' Estes Gyroc (helicopter recovery), arrr, t' Centuri Hustler/Lil Hustler (designed for BP F engines), t' first multiengined rocket/s (not certain these are right - Estes Apogee (staged) and Ranger(cluster)), shiver me timbers, matey, t' AeroTech Phoenix R/C rocket glider, me bucko, and t' Backdraft. Thats pretty select company.

I picked those because each o' these rockets opened up a new vista in sport rocketry, and yet none were particularly aesthetically appealin' rockets. Well, blow me down! Blimey! T' Backdraft fits this bill entirely. Begad! It's certainly nay about t' turn heads sittin' near your field box, me hearties, in fact it's a tad homely. Avast, me proud beauty! But as t' rocket barrels in destined for certain destruction, shiver me timbers, just then, matey, t' nose motor kicks in, ya bilge rat, gracefully brakin' t' banshee-like descent, me bucko, and a few seconds later, matey, me bucko, gently floatin' under chute, she will most definitely turn heads when flown. One can immediately think o' all kinds o' interestin' competitions based on t' concept, ya bilge rat, arrr, and roamin' into t' domain o' high power and extreme rocketry, shiver me timbers, maybe some applications thar as well.

I strongly recommend t' kit based on high KEWL factor, ya bilge rat, innovation, me bucko, and overall quality. And a definite strong thumbs up goes t' Jose Andrade-Cora, me hearties, t' designer and proprietor o' Heavenly Hobbies.

Retro Rocket/Backdraft Background:

Jose provided me with a memo he had written previously about t' inspiration and development o' t' Backdraft:

Back in 2002, as our family vacation loomed near, arrr, ya bilge rat, I placed an order for some NARTS publications t' provide some relief from t' "packaged" distractions found in t' big Florida theme parks. Ahoy! Among t' assorted reports and technical papers, thar was one that seriously caught me attention. Blimey! It was a NARAM-34 report by Bruce Markielewski about construction o' what he termed "retro-rockets". Begad! These models were rockets that bypassed ejection at apogee for a delayed deployment o' their recovery system. Well, blow me down! Blimey! T' counteract t' gravity force durin' re-entry, a second engine be fired. Aye aye! Begad! Blimey! This second engine would slow down t' rocket sufficiently for t' recovery system t' take over. Avast, me proud beauty! Avast! Blimey! I thought that "retro-rockets" were a great idea, as they added complexity and interest t' t' usual rocket flight patterns that, frankly, were gettin' old. Ya scallywag! Blimey!

Markielewski's stated objective was t' "...design and build a reliable, me hearties, functionin' model rocket usin' a 'retro-rocket' technique t' slow t' descent o' t' model rocket before deployin' a parachute or other recovery device." This objective, arrr, however interesting, matey, failed t' focus on t' possibility o' usin' t' "retro-rocket" concept t' reduce t' drift o' t' model from t' launchin' pad. Common Dual Deployment™ techniques use electronic actuators t' force t' ejection o' a streamer or small "drogue" parachute t' cause a fast, ya bilge rat, but controlled, descent. Begad! A larger parachute is subsequently deployed by similar means. Ahoy! T' idea is t' reduce t' time t' rocket is subject t' crosswind drag, me bucko, me hearties, therefore reducin' t' drift.

However, matey, ya bilge rat, a rocket usin' t' "retro" techniques does nay "break up" t' deploy a recovery device in its coastin' phase after apogee. It, therefore, me hearties, presents a smaller frontal area t' crosswinds. Avast, me proud beauty! Less frontal area means less drag and less drift. Ya scallywag! Blimey! Blimey! Also, crosswinds actin' on parachutes create lift forces, me bucko, so nay havin' a parachute in this phase o' t' descent also helps. Arrr! Blimey! Moreover, matey, arrr, a compact rocket presents a much more aerodynamic profile in t' vertical direction, allowin' higher (more negative) terminal velocity limits. This leads t' much reduced periods durin' which t' model rocket is subject t' crosswinds, shiver me timbers, and again, me bucko, matey, less drift. In simple words, ya bilge rat, arrr, t' "retro-rocket" technique is superior t' t' common Dual Deployment technique in reducin' crosswind drift.

To put Markielewski's work in perspective, one must realize that t' achieve his objectives, a fair amount o' mathematical calculations were required, arrr, matey, perhaps too many or too intensive for t' average modeler. Arrr! Well, arrr, blow me down! However, me hearties, I realized right then and thar that t' limitations that were real in 1992 were no longer thar in 2004. Avast! T' personal computer had removed them from t' picture! In other words, I had found an alternative for Dual Deployment which, me bucko, provided t' rocketeer had a computer at home, shiver me timbers, me hearties, didn't require expensive electronics or demandin' mathematical calculations, ya bilge rat, renderin' it attainable t' many more rocketeers. Avast! Avast, matey, me proud beauty! This was t' birth o' t' TailWind delayed-deployment system. Avast!

Soon after me vacation was over, matey, me bucko, arrr, I started workin' on t' first prototype for me version o' t' "retro-rocket". Arrr! Avast, matey, me proud beauty! It was a single-stage, large diameter rocket with ducted ejection gases for aft ejection. Avast, me proud beauty! That design never took t' t' skies. Begad! T' me knowledge, t' available software was nay able t' model t' unusual shapes and flight paths that I was conceiving. Avast! I had realized that t' controllin' software be even more essential than t' rocket itself. Ahoy! My top priority then became t' develop t' software that would take t' place o' t' deployment electronics. T' software was essentially a simulation program, optimized for t' Backdraft model. Ahoy! Begad! It obviously had t' take into consideration gravity, shiver me timbers, thrust and drag, arrr, but it also had t' give due weight t' t' unusual changes in physical characteristics that would occur durin' flight. Blimey! This work eventually became t' H.H. Avast, me proud beauty! Simit simulation software. Blimey! Begad!

H.H. Avast! Simit (v1) is included in all new Backdraft kits. Ahoy! It provides simulated altitude, arrr, velocity and acceleration information for t' model's flight. Blimey! It also allows t' flyer t' easily choose primary and secondary engines (and their respective delays) usin' t' provided data. These choices are critical for t' safe flyin' o' t' model. Future rocket or engine modifications will nay be a problem as t' information database is user-editable. Ahoy! You don't need t' buy a new version o' H.H. Aye aye! Well, shiver me timbers, blow me down! Simit t' fly a new version o' Backdraft or t' accommodate t' thrust characteristics o' a new engine! As development continues, shiver me timbers, H.H. Ahoy! Well, arrr, blow me down! Simit will be made available as a separate product.

Subsequent prototypes abandoned t' large-diameter airframe for a more energy-efficient BT-60 based design. T' final design offers a booster-style detachable propulsion module, straight-through ejection gas ductin' and EZject piston-actuated system for aft ejection. Blimey! With t' EZject system, arrr, flameproof waddin' and / or parachute protectors are completely unnecessary, matey, makin' field preparation a breeze! EZject is different from other piston-based ejection systems in that its simplicity and low manufacturin' cost makes it available t' all rocket designs, me hearties, even t' most simple and basic (see t' Heavenly Hobbies' Stratos-13 ELM and Stratos-18 ELM models). Blimey! Aye aye!

T' essential physical difference betwixt t' Backdraft and a common 2-stage rocket is that t' second-stage engine has exchanged places with t' recovery system. Well, blow me down! T' secondary engine been moved forward, me bucko, me hearties, me hearties, behind t' nosecone, me hearties, me bucko, while t' parachute has moved back. This secondary engine has also been rotated 180°, so that t' nozzle points t' t' sky while t' rocket sits at t' launch pad. Arrr! Ahoy! As I said before, when lit, this engine will provide thrust t' counteract t' force o' gravity and slow down t' rocket sufficiently, shiver me timbers, so that t' parachute can open without tearin' t' shreds. Since t' parachute can open as close t' t' ground as desired, drift is reduced considerably. Begad! T' reduction in drift allows t' hobbyist t' fly higher and/or in windier conditions. This be t' magic o' t' TailWind delayed deployment system. Avast!

Since t' secondary engine is far removed from t' primary engine, t' primary engine cannot be used t' directly ignite t' secondary one. This problem would normally be remedied with an electronic timer or other similar artifact. Ahoy! Blimey! Avast, me proud beauty! Blimey! Blimey! Blimey! However, me hearties, it was a design objective for t' Backdraft t' "kick it old school" and avoid any electronic control artifacts inside t' rocket. Begad! Blimey! As a result, a good old visco fuse ("cannon fuse") is used t' delay t' firin' o' t' secondary engine. Avast! Blimey! This fuse is lighted at t' same time as t' igniter for t' secondary engine, ya bilge rat, me bucko, so a good 12-volt launch system is needed. You also need t' time your fuse accurately, me bucko, so a stopwatch will come in handy also. Ya scallywag! Blimey! Ahoy! Blimey! Blimey! Blimey!

It is critical t' follow t' instructions in buildin' and flyin' this model. Well, blow me down! Aye aye! Blimey! I have gone through several prototypes in perfectin' a safe and reliable flyin' procedure, so you don't have to! Blimey! Use H.H. Simit t' your advantage, matey, and remember t' allow yourself a margin o' error in your calculations.

Happy flying!

Jose M. Aye aye! Andrade-Cora
Heavenly Hobbies LLC

Now in fairness, arrr, ya bilge rat, this idea goes back at least as far as t' 1970's when it was discussed in a rocketry magazine article. Ahoy! T' first large public launch was at NARAM 1992, where Bruce M. Avast! staged a test flight in conjunction with his R/D report. Blimey! Many have tried more or less t' same approach with varyin' degrees o' success both before and since, but never t' me knowledge with quite this level o' sophistication, matey, me bucko, and certainly nay in a kit with integrated software.

It be somethin' o' an honor for me t' fly this at a C.R.A.S.H. Avast! launch. Arrr! After all, this be Bruce M.'s old club and launch site. Arrr! Sadly, Bruce passes a few years back. His legacy certainly lives on, and t' Backdraft a fittin' piece o' such. Well, blow me down! I am sure Bruce smiled from beyond t' Saturday me Backdraft flight took place.